The program of identification of cosmological distances scale is developed for various models of redshift in spectra of extragalactic sources based on their observable redshifts and apparent magnitudes. The program database includes supernovae, radio galaxies and quasars. The main models are Friedmann–Mattig model and generalized interpolation model in combination with intrinsic redshift models.

The method of calculation of the standard uncertainty of measurement of mathematical model parameters due to inadequacy of the model it self based on the method of recalculation of the minimal criterion of differences value at measurement of parameters in the uncertainty region is suggested. An example illustrating the common ratios is considered.

The increasing accuracy method of measurement of speed and sizes of particles based on the use of two beams of light formed by optical-acoustic modulator and optics is suggested.

An overview of the current state of development of methods and instruments of low power levels measurement is presented. It is shown that the creation of photon receivers-counters is the most promising method for calculation of silicon photodiodes internal quantum efficiency and the only method allowing to establish the independent connection of watt unit with the basic physical constants.